The Secretariat

F. The Secretariat

Chief administrative organ of the UN, headed by the Secretary General who iss chosen by the Genaral Assembly upon recommendation of Security Council.
Term of Secretary General 5 years subject to re-election
Secretary General is the highest representative of the UN, authorized to act in its behalf and entitled to full diplomatic immunity. He may waive the immunities and privileges of other key-officials of the UN.

International Court of Justice

E. International Court of Justice

It is the principal organ of the UN; composed of 15 members who are elected for a term of 9 years by absolute majority vote in the General Assembly and Security Council in separate elections, no two of whom must be nationals of the same state. They must be of high moral character and possess the qualifications required in their respective countries for appointment to their highest judicial offices.
The court decide contentious cases, render advisory opinions. Jurisdiction is based on the consent of the parties under optional jurisdiction clause of the Statute (art 360) and comprises all cases that parties have referred to it and all matters especially provided for in the Charter or in treaties and convention in force.
Advisory opinions on legal questions arising within the scope of their activities are given upon request of the General Assembly or the Security Council and other organs of the UN when authorized by the General Assembly.

Trusteeship Council

D. Trusteeship Council

In Charged with the duty of assisting the Security Council and the General Assembly in the Administration of International Trusteeship Agreement.
Composed of a) the members of the UN administering trust territories, b) the permanent members of the Security Council not administering trust territories; c) other members as necessary and elected by the General Assembly for a 3 year term.

Economic and Social Council

C. Economic and Social Council

Composed of 54 members elected by t he General Assembly for a three year term. It shall exert efforts towards higher standard of living, conditions of economic and social progress and development, solutions of international economic social health and related problems, universal respect for the observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Decisions are reached by a simple majority vote.

Security Council

B. Security Council- Maintenance of international peace and security. It is composed of 5 permanent members, namely: China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States and the ten elective members, elected for 2 years terms by the General assembly, five from African and Asian states, two from Latin American states, two from Western European and other States and one from Eastern European States.
For the elective members, no immediate reelection is allowed. The Security Council is expected to function continuously, and sessions may be called at any time, thus the representative of the members states should always be available.
Voting in The Security Council

YALTA FORMULA
Each member entitled to one vote
On substantial questions (non-procedural): Affirmative vote of nine (9) members required, including all the 5 permanent members.
A permanent member may veto on any non-procedural matter to prevent its passage.
On procedural questions: Affirmative vote of nine members or more;
But determining whether a question is procedural or not is a non-procedural matter.
Any permanent member may veto on such determination or on the substantial question when raised. So called double veto.

Principal organs Of United Nations

A.General Assembly- Consist of all the members of the organization, each of which is entitled to send not more than 5 representatives and 5 alternates. Each member has only one vote. Its functions may b e classified into:

1. Deliberative , like initiating studies and making recommendations for the of international law.
2. Supervisory, such as receiving and considering annual and special reports from other organs of the UN
3. Financial, as the consideration and approval of the budget of the organization , the apportionment of expenses
4. Elective , as in the election of the non-permanent members of the Security Council, all members of the EcoSoc
5. Constituent, such as the admission of members and the amendment of the Charter.
Its regular session is held once a year, and it may hold special sessions called by the Secretary General at the request of the Security Council or a majority of the members. The vote of 2/3of the members present and voting is required in cases of peace, security, membership, elections, trusteeship system, and budget.